NEUROANATOMY REVIEW

 

THE NEUROAXIS

 

  • Central nervous system

    • Cortex

    • Subcortical white matter

      • Corpus callosum
      • Internal capsule

    • Diencephalon

      • Basal ganglia

        • Caudate nucleus
        • Putamen
        • Globus pallidus
      • Thalamus
      • Hypothalamus

    • Brainstem

      • Midbrain
      • Pons
      • Medulla
      • Cerebellum

    • Spinal cord

      • Cervical
      • Thoracic
      • Lumbar
      • Sacral            

  • Peripheral nervous system

    • Root
    • Plexus
    • Nerve
    • Neuromuscular junction
    • Muscle

 

TRACTS, PATHWAYS, SYSTEMS

  • Wernicke-Geschwind aphasia model
  • Corticospinal tract
  • Extrapyramidal system
  • Limbic system
  • Visual pathways
  • Spinocerebellar pathway
  • Spinothalamic pathway
  • Posterior column - medial lemniscus pathway

 

ARTERIAL SUPPLY

  • Aorta

    • Brachiocephalic artery

      • Right vertebral
      • Right common carotid
    • Left vertebral
    • Left common carotid

  • Anterior circulation

    • Common carotid (L & R)

      • Internal carotid (L & R)

        • Ophthalmic artery (L & R)
        • Anterior choroidal (L & R)

        • Middle cerebral artery (L & R)

          • Lenticulostriate arteries (L & R)

        • Anterior cerebral artery (L & R)

          • Anterior communicating artery

 

  • Posterior circulation

    • Vertebral arteries (L & R)

      • Anterior spinal artery
      • Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (L & R)

      • Basilar artery

        • Anterior inferior cerebellar artery (L & R)
        • Superior cerebellar artery (L & R)

        • Posterior cerebral arteries (L & R)

          • Thalamogeniculate arteries (L & R)
          • Posterior communicating arteries (L & R)